"Morning Song" by Sylvia Plath
         
        Love set you going like a fat gold watch.
The midwife slapped your 
        footsoles, and your bald cry
Took its place among the elements.
        Our voices echo, magnifying your arrival. New statue.
In a drafty 
        museum, your nakedness
Shadows our safety. We stand round blankly as 
        walls.
        I'm no more your mother
Than the cloud that distills a mirror to 
        reflect its own slow
Effacement at the wind's hand.
        All night your moth-breath
Flickers among the flat pink roses. I 
        wake to listen:
A far sea moves in my ear.
        One cry, and I stumble from bed, cow-heavy and floral
In my 
        Victorian nightgown.
Your mouth opens clean as a cat's. The window 
        square
        Whitens and swallows its dull stars. And now you try
Your handful 
        of notes;
The clear vowels rise like balloons
        (cf. 
        <http://www.uv.es/fores/PoesiaUK2005/1Plath,%20Sylvia/morningsong.html>)
        • Introduction
        This short poem belongs to "Ariel" volume, Sylvia Plath second book, 
        published in 1965 after her suicide and posthumous to the poem "Ariel". 
        The version that was published was similar but not identical: some poems 
        were trimmed to reduce what her husband Ted Hughes considered to be 
        redundancy, and additional poems composed in her final weeks were added 
        to the manuscript.
        (cf. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_%28Plath%29>)
        The poem "Morning song" is the first poem in this book and it is less 
        famous than others like: "Lady Lazarus," "Daddy," "Fever 103," "Purdah," 
        "Poppies in July," "Ariel". Some people argue that the title has three 
        meaning: the "airy spirit" who in Shakespeare’s The Tempest is a 
        servant to Prospero and symbolizes Prospero’s control of the upper 
        elements of the universe, fire and air; on an autobiographical level, 
        "Ariel", was the name of her favorite horse, on whom she weekly went 
        riding; a last meaning is a symbolic one, the symbolic name for 
        Jerusalem, "Ariel" in Hebrew means "lion of God."
        (cf. 
        <http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/m_r/plath/ariel.htm>)
        • Analysis of the poem
        The poem is composed by six tercets , there is not regular rhyme, but 
        many alliteration and enjambement, which is particular of her style.
        The theme is clearly the birth of his son at the beginning of the 
        poem and the following stages; it is described in a deeply way with 
        references to natural elements, surrounding the wonderful emotions that 
        a mother can have. It reflects her feminism, through the importance of 
        maternity and the joy that a son can give to her. 
        She presents a series of images in order to represent mental and 
        emotional process, by a meticulous description of the birth moment and 
        the after moment; in my view, the natural elements give an abstract 
        context in order to rise the concreteness of her verses.
        It is important to give an overview of the poem analysing the 
        stanzas; in the first stanza it is described the moment of the birth and 
        the incoming to nature and life "Took its place among the elements", it 
        is love that allows the birth, a love that "…set you going like a fat 
        gold watch", it pushes you in order to generate a new life. 
        In the second stanza, it is shown in detail the moment of the arrival 
        of this new life, the moment of the birth, when the baby cries, "Our 
        voices echo, magnifying your arrival" and the metaphorical place in the 
        museum, the metaphor of the statue, in order to stress the nakedness of 
        the baby. Besides, it strikes me that the adjective "blankly" is used to 
        rise the image of nakedness and the wonder and fear of the birth.
        In the third stanza, in my opinion there is a sort of abandonment of 
        the baby to the strongest forces of nature, "I'm no more your mother", 
        and she hands in to clouds and wind the task to bring up the baby. 
        Moreover, I have noticed, the first appearance of the first pronoun "I", 
        which remains as the main subject, as a result of a subjective 
        description in the following stanzas.
        In the fourth stanza, to my mind the location is in the house, she 
        described what happens during the night, "your moth-breath" is a 
        particular description of how could be relaxing and pleasant the baby’s 
        breath, she listens this breath like "A far sea moves in my ear"; in my 
        view, natural language is used to give an almost divine atmosphere to 
        this new creature, the comparison with nature expresses the beauty of 
        her son.
        In the fifth stanza, however, there is a shift; the poet, here, 
        describes the different actions, when the "Moth-breath" changes in 
        weeping. It seems to me that the tone is a little bit angry, she is 
        waken up by the crying of the baby and it costs physical efforts, also 
        the surrounding nature is striken; "The window square //Whitens and 
        swallows its dull stars". The final stanza follows the previous stanza, 
        and describes the weeping of the baby, how his notes rise to the 
sky.
        On the whole, the poem is very modern, for its contents and the 
        language, the theme is particular of Sylvia Plath, it concerns her role 
        as a mother, it stresses the power of a baby’s weeping, the power of 
        birth and in my opinion it is an ecstasy of physical and emotional 
        feelings, it is a heartbreaking poem, I think that she could give an 
        example to the other women, clarifying the power of procreation, how 
        much it is essential for nature life, thus the numerous reference to 
        natural elements, which helps the arrival of this new life and its 
        growing up.
        • Conclusion
        Finally, although this poem is the least famous, it has striken me 
        because the theme is very uncommon in the previous poet that I have 
        studied, being a feminine theme; moreover, the association to elements 
        belonging to the natural world used to make comparisons, expresses her 
        positive concept concerning natural forces and how much it is essential 
        its influence in our life. Besides the free-form rhyme and the 
        subjectivity are typical modernist technique and the language is not too 
        complicated or sophisticated, but it conveys her emotions in an 
        excellent way.
        
        Bibliography
- "Morning song" by Sylvia Plath 
 <http://www.uv.es/fores/PoesiaUK2005/1Plath,%20Sylvia/morningsong.html>
Home: 
        www.uv.es 18/05/2007
-Ariel 
        introduction 
 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_%28Plath%29>
Home: 
        www.en.wikipedia.org 18/05/2007
- "Ariel" by Sylvia Plath 
        
 <http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/m_r/plath/ariel.htm>
Home: 
        www.english.uiuc.edu 
        18/05/2007